中考英语动态:中考英语同义句九种类型
同义句转换题是近几年中考英语的一个常考题型，其出题形式通常是同时给出两个句子，第一句完整，第二句中设有几处空格，要求考生填入适当的词或词组，使第二句的意思与第一句意思相同。它综合考查考生的语法、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识，要求运用所学的词汇、语法知识和句型结构填写句子，使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法知识无误、意思与所给句子相同。通过对近几年的中考英语试题中同义句转换题的分析，我们发现中考英语同义句转换题主要考查以下几个方面：
一、运用同义词(组)进行转换
用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换，注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如：
1. That day we could see flowers everywhere.
That day we could see flowers ____ and ___ .
2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.
The teacher always _____ ____ the children well in the school.
3. Some of us are good at telling stories.
Some of us _____ _____ in telling stories.
二、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换
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即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思，主要考查学生对反义词、词组的积累和换位思维的能力。如：
1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.
It’s clear that this visit is not the ____ ___ last time.
2. I think wealth is less important than health.
I __ think wealth is ___ important than health.
3. He lent some money to his friend.
His friend ______ some money _____ him.
三、运用不同语态进行转换
即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词，但此时要特别注意时态、情态动词一致性。如：
1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.
Library books should _____ _____ on time.
2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.
Computers _____ widely ______ in the world today.
四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换
即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换，此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如：
1. The manager left two hours ago.
The manager has _____ ______ for two hours.
2. The film began five minutes ago.
The film has been _____ ______ five minutes.
3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.
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Mr Li has ____ ___the Party for twenty years.
五、运用不同引语进行转换
即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等的相应变化。如：
1. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.
He _____ me that he _____ found his wallet.
2. “Did you see her last week?” he said.
He ______ ______ I had seen her last week .
3. He asked me where I had been these days. “Where ___ ___ ___ these days?” he asked.
六、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换
即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如：
1. We didn't go out for a walk because it was raining.
We didn't go out for a walk ___ ____ the rain.
2. He was so excited that he couldn't go to sleep.
He was _____ _____ _____ go to sleep.
3. Now I will show you how to do the work.
Now I will show you how _____ _____ do the work.
4. You should put them back after you use them.
You should put them back _____ _____ them.
5. She seems to be worried now.
It ______ that she ______worried now.
七、运用并列句与复合句之间的转换
即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如：
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1. Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.
____ we _____ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus.
2. The man gave us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week.
The man ______ gave us a talk last week _____ give us another talk this week.
八、运用关联连词连接或合并句子
即运用关联连词both...and，neither... nor，either...or， not only...but also，等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是，both…and…连接两个主语时，谓语总是用复数，而neither... nor，either...or，not only... but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如：
1. Tom can’t speak Japanese well and Jim can’t, either.
____ Tom ____ Jim can speak Japanese well.
2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too.
_____ Alice _____ Peter have read the book.
3. This store sells men’s shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes.
This store sells ____ ____ men’s shoes ___ ___ men’s clothes.
九、利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换
这类典型结构如so…that…, too…to…, enough to, not…until…, so do I等。如：
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1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.
Jim wants to go boating, and ______ _____ his parents.
2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.
John____ go to bed ___ he finished his homework.
同步训练
第一组
1.Sue doesn’t like pears , Ann doesn’t like , either.
_____ _____ them likes pears.
2.That group of foreign friends came here three years ago.
That group of foreign friends _____ ______ here for three ago.
3.Jim came to school earlier than any other student.
Jim is ______ _____ student to school in his class .
4.Linda prefers apples to pears .
Linda _____ apples _____ ______ pears.
5.John saw that she was playing under the tree.
John saw _____ _____ under the tree.
6.Do you have time this afternoon ?
_____ you _____ this afternoon ?
7.The workers built the bridge in 1998.
The bridge _____ _____ in 1998.
8.Please take care of the baby while I’m out.
Please _____ _____ the baby while I’m out.
9.Put up your hands if you have any questions.
______ _____ if you have any questions.
10.The teacher told us not to talk any more.
The teacher told us to ______ ______.
11.Kate asked “Lucy , could you do something for me ,please ?”
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Kate asked Lucy ______ ______ could do something for me .
12.I like football as much as Bob.
Bob likes football , and _____ ______ I.
13.If you don’t hurry up , you won’t be able to catch the early bus.
Hurry up, _____ you’ll _____ the early bus.
14.Have you got a letter from Kate?
Have you ______ _____ Kate ?
15.There was a strong wind last night .
______ _____ strongly last night .
16.All the clothes were either too small or too big for me.
_____ of the clothes were the right ______ for me .
17.The worker cut the metal into pieces with the machine .
The metal ______ _____ into pieces with the machine .
18. “put your things away ”Mrs King said to the twins.
Mrs _____ the twins to put ______ things away.
19.Work hard , and you will catch up with your classmates.
If you don’t work hard , you’ll _____ _____ your classmates .
20.Man must do something to stop air pollution.
Something must _____ _____ to stop air pollution.
21.He became a soldier three years ago.
He _____ _____ in the army for three years.
22. “Where are you from ” I asked the foreigners .
I asked the foreigners where _____ _____ from .
23.The rain was very heavy last night .
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It ______ ______ last night .
24.It took me an hour to work out .
I _____ an hour _____ it out .
25.She found that it’s impossible to jump so high .
She found _____ impossible to ______ so high .
26.I saw the boy swim in the river yesterday .
The boy was ______ _____ swim in the river yesterday.
27.This maths problem is not as difficult as that one.
This maths problem is _______ _____ that one .
28.The young man bought the bike for more than 200 yuan.
The bike ______ the young man _____ 200 yuan.
29.The old man doesn’t know which is the way to the supermarket .
The old man doesn’t know _____ _____ get to the supermarket.
30.I wonder what this is called in English .
I wonder what _____ _____ this in English.
31.Mr Brown stopped drinking two months ago .
Mr Brown _____ _____ drinking two years ago.
32.We noticed that he was standing at the school gate .
We noticed _____ _____ at the school gate .
33.If you work hard , you will do well in physics.
_____ _____ , and you will do well in physics.
34.It’s three years since I became a middle school student.
I ______ a middle school student three years _____.
35.Jim has been to the park , I have been there, too.
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Jim has been to the park . _____ _____ I .
36.Why don’t you go surfing with us ?
_____ _____ go surfing with us ?
37.He has been away from his home town for ten years.
It’s ten years _____ he ______ his hometown. .
38.Kate wanted to know when her father could take her to Paris.
Kate wanted to know _____ _____ be taken to Paris.
39.The problem is too difficult for me to work out .
The problem isn’t _____ _____ for me to work out .
39.Her father bought the car three months ago .
Her father ______ _____ the car for three months .
40.It’s good for your health to take exercise often.
_____ exercise often can make you ______.
41.I think music is more interesting than art.
I _____ think art is so _____ as music .
42.There will be a football match in our school.
A football match will _____ _____ in our school .
43.If you play basketball here , you may break the windows .
____ play basketball here ,____ you may break the windows.
44.This question is so dofficult that none of my classmates can answer it .
This question is_____ difficult for _____ of my classmates to answer.
45.He left a week ago and isn’t back yet.
He has been _____ _____ a week ago.
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46.He is the tallest boy in the class .
_____ of the other boys in the class is as ___
as he.
47.I have lived here all my life.
I have lived _____ I was _____.
48.The town was able to build a school and a hospital after new China was founded .
The town _____ build a school or a hospital _____ new China was founded.
49.Why not ask the man over there ?
Why _____ ____ ask the man over there ?
50.Sam’s grandfather died 10 years ago.
Sam’s grandfather has been _____ ____ 10 years.
第二组
51.I want to know how much your dictionary cost you.
I want to know how much you _____ ____ your dictionary.
52.You’d better speak English as much as possible .
_____ better for ____ to speak English as much as possible .
53.Mr Smith is busy now , He’s writing a book.
Mr Smith is _____ _____ now.
54.The maths problem was very difficult , so none of the students could work it out.
The maths problem was____ difficult for the students _____ work out .
55.Huury up ,or you will be late.
_____ you ____ hurry up , you will be late.
56.Liming’s brother has been in the army for two years.
Liming’s brother ___ the army two years___.
57.He is taller than any other boy in his class .
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He is _____ ____ boy in his class .
58.I don’t want to eat anything now .
I don’t ____ ____ eating anything now.
59.One of the twins ,Lucy and Lily will come to help us with our English.
_____ Lucy ____ Lily will come to help us with our English.
60.She amazed us by dancing so beautifully.
We ____ amazed at her _____ dance.
61.Jim asked Peter not to make any noise.
Jim ____ , “Peter , ____ make any noise ”
62.The English evening began half an hour ago.
The English evening ______ _____ on for half an hour.
63.There’s somethingwrong with my washing machine , I’ll ask someone to repair it for me.
I’ll _____ my washing machine ______.
64.We should water the young trees often to make them grow well.
We should water the young trees often _____
_____ they grow well.
65. “Where do you like to go ,Tom ?” Mr Smith asked .
Mr Smith asked Tom where ____ ____ to go.
66.He works in a university with over five thousand students .
He works in a university ____ ____ over five thousand students.
67.Jack doesn’t like swimming , Jim doesn’t either.
Jack doesn’t like swimming , ____ ____ Jim.
68.She came here two days ago.
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