gre作文题库：GRE作文范文大全（83）
GRE考试形式：中国大陆地区、香港、澳门、韩国目前执行分开考试的形式。由机考（分析性写作）和笔试（语文、数学）组成。
Thus while partly correct, the speaker's assertion doesn't go far enough--to account for the
potential harm in drawing false distinctions between types of people.
Yet, in another sense the speaker goes too far by overlooking a fundamental, even
philosophical, reason why we should always look for similarities between things. Specifically, it
is the only way humans can truly learn anything and communicate with one another. Any
astute developmental psychologist, epistemologist, or even parent would agree that we come
to understand each new thing we encounter by comparing it to something with which we are
already familiar. For example, if a child first associates the concept of blue with the sky's color,
then the next blue thing the child encounters--a ball, for instance--the child recognizes as blue
only by way of its similarity to the sky.
Furthermore, without this association and a label for the concept of blue the child cannot
possibly convey the concept to another person. Thus looking for similarities between things is
how we make sense of our world, as well as communicate with one another.
To sum up, I agree that finding false similarities and drawing false analogies can be harmful,
especially when reaching conclusions about people. Nevertheless, from a philosophical and
linguistic point of view, humans must look for similarities between things in order to learn and
to communicate.
127
Issue 116
"People are mistaken when they assume that the problems they confront are more complex
and challenging than the problems faced by their predecessors. This illusion is eventually
dispelled with increased knowledge and experience." 感谢您阅读《GRE作文范文大全（83） 》一文，查字典出国留学网()编辑部希望本文能帮助到您。GRE考试形式：中国大陆地区、香港、澳门、韩国目前执行分开考试的形式。由机考（分析性写作）和笔试（语文、数学）组成。
Is any sense that the problems we face are more complex and challenging than those which
our predecessors faced merely an illusion--one that can be dispelled by way of knowledge and
experience? The speaker believes so, although I disagree. In my view, the speaker unfairly
generalizes about the nature of contemporary problems, some of which have no analog from
earlier times and which in some respects are more complex and challenging than any
problems earlier societies ever confronted. Nevertheless, I agree that many of the other
problems we humans face are by their nature enduring ones that have changed little in
complexity and difficulty over the span of human history; and I agree that through experience
and enlightened reflection on human history we grow to realize this fact.
I turn first to my chief point of contention with the statement. The speaker overlooks certain
societal problems unique to today's world, which are complex and challenging in ways unlike
any problems that earlier societies ever faced. Consider three examples. The first involves the
growing scarcity of the world's natural resources. An ever-increasing human population,
together with over-consumption on the part of developed nations and with global
dependencies on finite natural resources, have created uniquely contemporary environmental
problems that are global in impact and therefore pose political and economic challenges
previously unrivaled in complexity.
A second uniquely contemporary problem has to do with the fact that the nations of the world
are growing increasingly interdependent--politically, militarily, and economically.
Interdependency makes for problems that are far more complex than analogous problems for
individual nations during times when they were more insular, more self-sustaining, and more
autonomous.
A third uniquely contemporary problem is an outgrowth of the inexorable advancement of
scientific knowledge, and one that society voluntarily takes up as a challenge. Through
scientific advancements we've already solved innumerable health problems, harnessed
various forms of physical energy, and so forth. The problems left to address are the ones that
are most complex and challenging--for example, slowing the aging process, replacing human
limbs and organs, and colonizing other worlds in the event ours becomes inhabitable. In short,
as we solve each successive scientific puzzle we move on to more challenging and complex
ones.
I turn next to my points of agreement with the statement. Humans face certain universal and
timeless problems, which are neither more nor less complex and challenging for any
generation than for preceding ones. These sorts of problems are the ones that spring from the
failings and foibles that are part-and-parcel of human nature. Our problems involving
interpersonal relationships with people of the opposite sex stem from basic differences
between the two sexes. The social problems of prejudice and discrimination know no
chronological bounds because it is our nature to fear and mistrust people who are different
from us. War and crime stem from the male aggressive instinct and innate desire for power.
We've never been able to solve social problems such as homelessness and hunger because 感谢您阅读《GRE作文范文大全（83） 》一文，查字典出国留学网()编辑部希望本文能帮助到您。GRE考试形式：中国大陆地区、香港、澳门、韩国目前执行分开考试的形式。由机考（分析性写作）和笔试（语文、数学）组成。
128
we are driven by self-interest.
I agree with the statement also in that certain kinds of intellectual struggles-- to deter mine
the meaning of life, whether God exists, and so forth are timeless ones whose complexities
and mystery know no chronological bounds whatsoever. The fact that we rely on ancient
teachings to try to solve these problems underscores the fact that these problems have not
grown any more complex over the course of human history. And, with respect to all the
timeless problems mentioned above I agree that knowledge and experience hdp us to
understand that these problems are not more complex today than before. In the final analysis,
by studying history, human psychology, theology, and philosophy we come to realize that,
aside from certain uniquely contemporary problems, we face the same fundamental problems
as our predecessors because we face the same human condition as our predecessors
whenever we look in the mirror.
Issue 117
"The best way to teach---whether as an educator, employer, or parent---is to praise positive
actions and ignore negative ones."
The speaker suggests that the most effective way to teach others is to praise positive
actions while ignoring negative ones. In my view, this statement is too extreme. It overlooks
circumstances under which praise might be inappropriate, as well as ignoring the beneficial
value of constructive criticism, and sometimes even punishment.
The recommendation that parents, teachers, and employers praise positive actions is
generally good advice. For young children positive reinforcement is critical in the development
of healthy self-esteem and self-confidence. For students appropriate positive feedback serves
as a motivating force, which spurs them on to greater academic achievement. For employees,
appropriately administered praise enhances productivity and employee loyalty, and makes for
a more congenial and pleasant work environment overall.
While recommending praise for positive actions is fundamentally sound advice, this advice
should carry with it certain caveats. First, some employees and older students might fred
excessive praise to be patronizing or paternalistic. Secondly, some individuals need and
respond more appropriately to praise than others; those administering the praise should be
sensitive to the individual's need for positive reinforcement in the fzrst place. Thirdly, praise
should be administered fairly and evenhandedly. By issuing more praise to one student than to
others, a teacher might cause one recipient to be labeled by classmates as teacher's pet, even
if the praise is well deserved or badly needed. If the result is to alienate other students, then
the praise might not be justified. Similarly, at the workplace a supervisor must be careful to
issue praise fairly and evenhandedly, or risk accusations of undue favoritism, or even
discrimination. 感谢您阅读《GRE作文范文大全（83） 》一文，查字典出国留学网()编辑部希望本文能帮助到您。
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