GRE写作备考2012：GRE作文范文大全（20）
Gre写作是美国所有作文考试中时刻最长而质量要求最高的一类作文考试，而在短期内提高gre写作能力不是一天两天可以完成额，所以我们在备考2011新gre写作时必然要对问题问题深切的剖析，体味以下优异范文的文章结构，以提高新gre写作的整体分数。
acquiring new facts and information, as the speaker asserts? While our everyday experience
might lend credence to this assertion, further reflection reveals its fundamental inconsistency
with our Western view of how we acquire knowledge. Nevertheless, a careful and thoughtful
definition of knowledge can serve to reconcile the two.
On the one hand, the speaker's assertion accords with the everyday experience of working
professionals. For example, the sort of"book'I knowledge that medical, law, and business
students acquire, no matter how extensive, is of little use unless these students also learn to
accept the uncertainties and risks inherent in professional practice and in the business world.
Any successful doctor, lawyer, or entrepreneur would undoubtedly agree that new precedents
and challenges in their fields compel them to acknowledge the limitations of their knowledge,
and that learning to accommodate these limitations is just as important in their professional
success as knowledge itself.
Moreover, the additional knowledge we gain by collecting more information often
diminishes-sometimes to the point where marginal gains turn to marginal losses. Consider, for
instance, the collection of financial-investment information. No amount of knowledge can
eliminate the uncertainty and risk inherent in financial investing. Also, information overload can
result in confusion, which in turn can diminish one's ability to assimilate information and apply
it usefully. Thus, by recognizing the limits of their knowledge, and by accounting for those limits
when making decisions, investment advisors can more effectively serve their clients.
On the other hand, the speaker's assertion seems self-contradictory, for how can we know
the limits of our knowledge until we've thoroughly tested those limits through exhaustive
empirical observation--that is, by acquiring facts and information. For example, it would be
tempting to concede that we can never understand the basic forces that govern all matter in
the universe. Yet due to increasingly precise and extensive fact-finding efforts of scientists, we
might now be within striking distance of understanding the key laws by which all physical
matter behaves. Put another way, the speaker's assertion flies in the face of the scientific
method, whose fundamental tenet is that we humans can truly know only that which we
observe. Thus Francis Bacon, who fn:st formulated the method, might assert that the speaker
is fundamentally incorrect. 感谢您阅读《GRE作文范文大全（20） 》一文，查字典出国留学网()编辑部希望本文能帮助到您。Gre写作是美国所有作文考试中时刻最长而质量要求最高的一类作文考试，而在短期内提高gre写作能力不是一天两天可以完成额，所以我们在备考2011新gre写作时必然要对问题问题深切的剖析，体味以下优异范文的文章结构，以提高新gre写作的整体分数。
How can we reconcile our experience in everyday endeavors with the basic assumption
underlying the scientific method? Perhaps the answer lies in a distinction between two types of
knowledge--one which amounts to a mere collection of observations (i.e., facts and
information), the other which is deeper and includes a realization of principles and truths
underlying those observations. At this deeper level "knowledge" equals "under-standing": how
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we interpret, make sense of, and find meaning in the information we collect by way of
observation.
In the final analysis, evaluating the speaker's assertion requires that we define "knowledge,''
which in turn requires that we address complex epistemological issues best left to
philosophers and theologians. Yet perhaps this is the speaker's point: that we can never truly
know either ourselves or the world, and that by recognizing this limitation we set ourselves free
to accomplish what no amount of mere information could ever permit.
Issue 32
"The concept of 'individual responsibility' is a necessary fiction. Although societies must hold
individuals accountable for their own actions, people's behavior is largely determined by forces
not of their own making."
I fundamentally agree with the speaker's first contention, for unless we embrace the concept
of "individual responsibility" our notions of moral accountability and human equality, both
crucial to the survival of any democratic society, will whither. However, I strongly disagree with
the second contention--that our individual actions are determined largely by external forces.
Although this claim is not entirely without support, it runs contrary to common sense and
everyday human experience.
The primary reason that individual responsibility is a necessary fiction is that a society where
individuals are not held accountable for their actions and choices is a lawless one, devoid of
any order whatsoever. Admittedly, under some circumstances a society of laws should carve
out exceptions to the rule of individual responsibility--for example, for the hopeless psychotic
who has no control over his or her thoughts or actions. Yet to extend forgiveness much further
would be to endanger the social order upon which any civil and democratic society depends.
A correlative argument for individual responsibility involves the fact that lawless, or anarchist,
states give way to despotic rule by strong individuals who seize power. History informs us that
monarchs and dictators often justify their authority by claiming that they are preordained to
assume it--and that as a result they are not morally responsible for their oppressive actions.
Thus, any person abhorring despotism must embrace the concept of individual responsibility.
As for the speaker's second claim, it flies in the face of our everyday experiences in making
choices and decisions. Although people often claim that life's circumstances have "forced"
them to take certain actions, we all have an infinite number of choices; it's just that many of our
choices are unappealing, even self-defeating. Thus, the complete absence of free WIU would
seem to be possible only in the case of severe psychosis, coma, or death.
Admittedly, the speaker's second contention finds support from "strict determinist"
philosophers, who maintain that every event, including human actions and choices, is
physically necessary, given the laws of nature. Recent advances in molecular biology and
genetics lend some credence to this position, by suggesting that these determining physical
forces include our own individual genetic makeup. But, the notion of scientific determinism
opens the door for genetic engineering, which might threaten equality in 感谢您阅读《GRE作文范文大全（20） 》一文，查字典出国留学网()编辑部希望本文能帮助到您。Gre写作是美国所有作文考试中时刻最长而质量要求最高的一类作文考试，而在短期内提高gre写作能力不是一天两天可以完成额，所以我们在备考2011新gre写作时必然要对问题问题深切的剖析，体味以下优异范文的文章结构，以提高新gre写作的整体分数。
socioeconomic
opportunity, and even precipitate the development of a "master race." Besides, since neither
free will nor determinism has been proven to be the correct position, the former is to be
preferred by any humanist and in any democratic society.
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In sum, without the notion of individual responsibility a civilized, democratic society would
soon devolve into an anarchist state, vulnerable to despotic rule. Yet, this notion is more than a
mere fiction. The idea that our actions spring primarily from our free will accords with common
sense and everyday experience. I concede that science might eventually vindicate the speaker
and show that our actions are largely determined by forces beyond our conscious control. Until
that time, however, I'll trust my intuition that we humans should be, and in fact are, responsible
for our own choices and actions.
Issue 33
"Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's
field of study because acquiring knowledge of various academic disciplines is the best way to
become truly educated."
I fundamentally agree with the proposition that students must take courses outside their
major field of study to become "truly educated." A contrary position would reflect a too narrow
view of higher education and its proper objectives. Nevertheless, I would caution that
extending the proposition too far might risk undermining those objectives.
The primary reason why I agree with the proposition is that "me" education amounts to far
more than gaining the knowledge and ability to excel in one's major course of study and in
one's professional career. True education also facilitates an understanding of one- self, and
tolerance and respect for the viewpoints of others. Courses in psychology, sociology, and
anthropology all serve these ends. "True" education also provides insight and perspective
regarding one's place in society and in the physical and metaphysical worlds. Courses in
political science, philosophy, theology, and even sciences such as astronomy and physics can
help a student gain this insight and perspective. Finally, no student can be truly educated
without having gained an aesthetic appreciation of the world around us--through course work
in literature, the fine arts, and the performing arts.
Becoming truly educated also requires sufficient mastery of one academic area to permit a
student to contribute meaningfully to society later in life. Yet, mastery of any specific area
requires some knowledge about a variety of others. For example, a political-science student
can fully understand that field only by understanding the various psychological, sociological,and historical forces that shape political ideology. An anthropologist cannot excel without
understanding the social and political events that shape cultures, and without some knowledge
of chemistry and geology for performing field work. Even computer engineering is intrinsically
tied to other fields, even non-technical ones such as business, communications, and media. 感谢您阅读《GRE作文范文大全（20） 》一文，查字典出国留学网()编辑部希望本文能帮助到您。