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尴尬的写作问题:词汇贫乏和逻辑混乱

发布时间:2016-03-24来源:查字典留学网

尴尬的写作问题:词汇贫乏和逻辑混乱1

现在估计同学们已经进入“春节休假模式”了——假期总是惬意的,加之与家人的团聚更是令人愉悦,在这里祝那些备考出国的童鞋们新年顺利!

放假前一天,继续谈谈写作中的那些有趣的问题——

英语写作对于许多同学来说都是艰难的,写作能力不会在几天内提高。英语写作在PS中最重要的是语言要能够支撑索要表达的内容。语法上有一些错误,用词有时候不够准确,这些都是可以原谅的,但是错误不能太离谱。下面我就通过几段文章的评改让大家明白什么样的英语是可以接受的,什么样的英语是不可以接受的。(如下原稿中加粗标注的表达有误。)

原稿

In 1991 I took part in a project that nearly copieda milling machine design made by German with CAD technology twenty years before. Staring at the Germanyblueprints,Irealizedthe technical gaps between the worldleading countriesand my countryvividly.This experience directly spurred my interest in the research on Mechanical Engineering. Thenstarted the long path of strenuous pursuance.

评论

这位同学希望能够戏剧化地表现自己如何产生研究机械学的动力,他说他看到了中国的一台铣床设计,几乎照抄了二十年前德国的蓝图,于是感到震惊和耻辱,继而坚定了在这方面赶超世界先进水平的决心。

写作上为了避免平铺直叙,增加一点戏剧性是很好的。我们都知道鲁迅先生在日本弃医从文。正是因为他看到一段纪录片上中国人麻木不仁地观看日军屠杀我国同胞,才认定医治国人的灵魂重于医治国人的身体。

可是由于语言的苍白,这位同学并没有达到他想获得的效果。

他理应描述自己面对德国蓝图所产生的震撼,但因为词汇的贫乏,他没能表达出自己的感受。其实表达这种震惊有多种方法,比如became speechless, went numb, struck dumbfounded等等。

另外,该段文章中的“nearly copied”用错了,他的原意是我国的铣床设计几乎照抄了德国的蓝圈,但现在却成了“想抄却没有抄成”。“made by German”应该是Germans或者Germany。在这样基本的地方都出错,对读者来说是很刺眼的。world应为world's,这也是基本的语法。“realize”一词表示“意识到”( to be aware of),在此处应该与“that”引导的从句连用;如果用作“实现”这个意义,则不需要“that”。spur这个词和interest搭配不当。“激发…兴趣”,可以说“rekindle someone's interest”。

该同学词汇极为贫乏,说中国比其他国家落后,在一个句子中country这个词就用了两次,这是写作的大忌。任何语言都有许多同义词,很大的一个原因就是让使用者能够获得语言的丰富性,而不至于使别人读起来或听起来感到厌烦。

改后稿

While I was still a freshman in 1991, I took part in a project in which a milling machine design done by Germans with CAD technology twenty years before was closely duplicated. Staring at the German blueprints, I was struck dumbfounded by the technological gap between the world's leading industrial countries (nations, industrial powers) and my motherland. At that time I felt that it was my responsibility to help close the gap. Since then I've been goaded to delve deeper and deeper into the

research of Mechanical Engineering. Over seven years has passed, and I am glad to say that I have done my share to my country's progress in my field. But to actually help put my country at a technological par with that of the West, I must receive advanced education in a Western university. For that, I am now applying for Ph.D. studies in your distinguished program.

评论

修改后的段落除了描述作者见到德国蓝图的震惊之外,还使用了倒叙手法,这样既增加了时空感,又使全段显得饱满。另外,还纠正了一个逻辑错误。作者在原文中说看到蓝图才引发了兴趣,但作者当时已经是机械工程系的学生,他只能说是因此获得了深入研究的动力。

犯这样的逻辑错误是因为作者词汇量过于贫乏而导致的。

下面再看一段例文和短评,因为改后稿没有增加内容,所以我们把修改的部分用黑体字直接放在原文后面的括号里。

Grown up in a poor and illiterate family, I always felt my parents' vibrating hearts for anticipating leading a comfortable and dignified life: (Growing up in a poor and illiterate family, I knew all too well my parents' yearning for a dignified life, relieved of worries over basic necessities.) Since I beheld the pale face of my mother because of excessively selling her blood to the county hospital in order to obtain sufficient school fee for me, I told myself that it is your own responsibility to refine your parents' life quality step by step. (Whenever my tuition was due, my mother had to sell her blood again. Looking at her pale face and frail body, I felt wrenching pain in my heart. At a tender age, I was determined to quickly stand up on my own feet and help alleviate all the sufferings she bad to endure. )

评论

原文的第一个词就是错误的。“成长”如果作分词的话应该用现在分词,因为按照英语的思维习惯,小孩是自己成长起来的,如果用了过去分词就有被动语态的意思.只有植物才是被种植的。

第二句话太长,而且用词啰嗦。because of后面应该跟名词性质的内容,这一点原文作者做到了,但是有一定英语水平的人一定会注意到because of后面应该只能跟一到两个词,比如说I canceled my trip because of poor weather.现在作者在because of后面跟了太多的东西。

有些用词完全是多余的,比如excessively selling her blood。excessively这个词在这个地方完全没有必要。to the county hospital也是多余的。school fee应该用tuition 一词采代替。

最后一句话作者把间接引语给用错了,应该将your own, your parents改成my own,my parents。

以上是语言完全不能过关的两个例子。假如你只有这样的写作水准,千万不要草草写完就寄走,一定要找水平更高的人修改润色。(连载中……)

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